Category: Newsletter

Continuation Vehicles: Worth the Wait?

Over the past decade, continuation vehicles (“CV”) have become one of the fastest-growing trends in private equity. Private equity funds typically have a fixed lifespan, often around ten years. During that period, the fund buys companies, works to improve them, and ultimately sells them to generate returns for investors. However, not every company reaches its full potential within that timeframe. In fact, there has been much ado about “Zombie” portfolio companies as aging assets face limited and increasingly challenging exit opportunities.

A CV allows a private equity manager, or general partner (“GP”) to continue owning a company beyond the life of the original fund. The GP transfers the company into a newly created investment vehicle and raises new capital from investors to purchase interests from those who opt for liquidity. Existing investors can choose to sell and receive cash or remain invested in the company through the new structure.

Once considered a niche solution, CVs have become a mainstream feature of the private equity market. Supporters argue that they allow GPs to maximize value by giving strong companies more time to grow. Critics counter that they introduce conflicts of interest and make it harder to assess whether investors are receiving fair value. As use of these structures continues to expand, investors should understand both the benefits and the risks before embracing them as a permanent solution to today’s liquidity challenges.

The Fed Tackles Succession Planning

The leadership structure of the Federal Reserve is intentionally designed to promote continuity, independence, and institutional stability across political cycles. Specifically, the seven members of the central bank’s Board of Governors serve staggered 14-year terms, while the Chair is appointed to a renewable four-year term by the president and confirmed by the Senate. In this context, the nomination of Kevin Warsh by the Trump administration earlier this year to lead the Fed marks a potential inflection point for U.S. monetary policy leadership. Warsh brings a combination of public- and private-sector experience, having served as a Federal Reserve governor during the Global Financial Crisis, worked in mergers and acquisitions at Morgan Stanley, and later advised policymakers and investors as a fellow at the Hoover Institution and lecturer at Stanford. Warsh’s nomination, first announced in late January and now nearing final Senate confirmation, comes as Jerome Powell is set to end his term as Chair in the coming days, concluding a tenure defined by extraordinary economic shocks and aggressive policy responses. Recent developments have effectively cleared the path for this transition, with Warsh expected to assume the role shortly after Powell’s term expires, even as Powell has indicated he intends to remain on the Board of Governors through 2028 in a move aimed at preserving institutional continuity. Against this backdrop, Warsh is in position to take the helm of a Federal Reserve that has recently undergone a historic tightening cycle and is now navigating the late stages of the inflation fight, setting the stage for what is likely to be an evolution (rather than a reset) of policy direction.

Fiduciary Duties in Selecting Designated Investment Alternatives

On March 30, 2026, the Department of Labor (DOL) issued its proposed regulation: Fiduciary Duties in Selecting Designated Investment Alternatives. This comes after the executive order released by the Trump Administration last August which asked the DOL to clarify its position on alternative assets as well as provide guidance to plan sponsors on fiduciary processes for incorporating alternative investments into DC plans. Marquette’s first DC Perspectives paper on this topic can be found here.

The key takeaways from this newly proposed regulation for fiduciaries selecting designated investment alternatives (DIAs) in participant-directed defined contribution plans include:

  • Process matters most: Fiduciary decisions will continue to be evaluated based on a prudent and well‑documented process, focused solely on participants’ best interests.
  • Asset‑neutral framework: The DOL does not require or prohibit any particular asset class, including alternative investments.
  • Clear evaluation factors: To qualify for safe harbor protection, fiduciaries should evaluate DIAs across six areas — performance, fees, liquidity, valuation, benchmarking, and complexity.
  • No immediate changes required: The proposal does not require plans to add new investment options or alter current menus; changes occur only if a fiduciary chooses to act.

Healthcare System Operating Portfolios: Balancing Stability with Need for Growth

Healthcare systems have faced an onslaught of challenges in recent years. They had to navigate the operational and financial headwinds stemming from COVID-19, a severe labor shortage, and 2022’s double-digit drawdowns in both stocks and bonds. Since the end of 2022, global equity markets have returned more than 70% cumulatively, but a combination of portfolio draws and elevated cash expense growth has left median days cash on hand roughly flat. Going forward, balance sheet liquidity is likely to be restrained. While operating margins are improving, the appetite for capital spending remains high and the effects of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act have yet to emerge. At the same time, equities are expensive and credit spreads are tight, limiting the margin for error. Health systems need to carefully weigh the risks of a significant market decline with the need for long-term growth.

Small Caps: Unprofitables Lead, Active Managers Lag, But Can it Last?

At the start of 2025, very few could have predicted the wild ride that awaited equity markets. After a volatile period that culminated on April 8, U.S. equities achieved several new all-time highs, with small-cap equities reaching a first all-time high since November 2021. Absolute returns have been substantial, as the Russell 2000 rose nearly 42% off the market bottom through October 31. Despite renewed volatility in November as expectations for another Federal Reserve rate cut fluctuated, small-cap equities have led large-cap equities since April 8. As is expected in the first six months of a bull market, low quality, including residual volatility, short interest, non-earners, and beta, propelled the small-cap market. Conversely, active managers favor high quality companies, typically characterized by high returns on equity, strong balance sheets, and low leverage. As a result, this factor backdrop is a known headwind for many active managers across the small-cap universe, and this bull market is no different.

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Markets

Over the last several decades, artificial intelligence (“AI”) has evolved from a theoretical concept into a transformative force across a variety of industries. The 1940s saw the advent of the digital computer, which was followed years later by the first artificial neural network, a computational model inspired by the structure of the human brain that consists of algorithms that attempt to recognize relationships in data. In more recent years, researchers have developed “deep learning” systems (i.e., neural networks with many layers) capable of increasingly complex tasks including image recognition, reading comprehension, and predictive reasoning. Given the advances in the space, it should not come as a surprise that the use cases of artificial intelligence are now vast, with AI tools now implemented across fields including health care, retail, finance, and entertainment. Researchers and corporate executives are not the only ones to have noticed the remarkable potential of AI, however, as investors have flocked to the space in droves over the last several years.

This newsletter outlines the growth of AI as an investment theme, including performance, valuations, and earnings growth of AI-related companies and equities, other segments of the market that may stand to benefit from advances in AI, and potential risks for investors.

Alternatives in Defined Contribution Plans

On August 7, 2025, President Trump signed an executive order to expand alternative investment access in defined contribution retirement plans (e.g., 401(k) plans). This order instructs the Department of Labor (DOL) to reexamine its guidance to plan sponsors incorporating alternative investments into these types of retirement plans. According to the order, the six classes of alternative assets included are:

  • Private markets investments, including private equity and private debt
  • Real estate
  • Actively managed vehicles investing in digital assets
  • Commodities
  • Infrastructure
  • Lifetime income strategies, including longevity risk-sharing pools

Treasury Market Creates a Balancing Act

Despite the U.S. economy’s impressive growth in recent decades, the federal government currently faces elevated borrowing costs to fund its persistent budget deficits. While current bid-to-cover ratios remain robust in absolute terms, a declining trend in shorter maturities could represent one early warning sign that the traditional investor base demand is waning.

This newsletter examines the Treasury’s challenge of balancing funding costs with market demand and potential fiscal and monetary policy implications.

Why Are Emerging Markets Investors Removing Their China Exposure?

Emerging markets (EM) equities have gone through cycles of performance throughout time, creating varied investor sentiment towards the asset class. Recently, discussions around excluding China from investment portfolios have become more common, spurring the growth of active EM ex-China strategies. This newsletter explores the current landscape of EM investing, examines the drivers of the EM ex-China trend, and analyzes the performance impact of removing China from an EM allocation.

What Has Private Equity Done to Small-Cap Stocks?

Private markets have grown exponentially over the last two decades, driven by attractive long-term returns, diversification benefits, and early-stage value creation. As companies stay private longer, much of their initial growth can be realized outside of public markets, which could challenge the small-cap premium and contribute to a shift in the composition of public markets. The following newsletter examines this dynamic and potential impact on small-cap stocks.