Consumer Sentiment: Harbinger for Recession or a Reflection of Pain at the Pump?

June 01, 2022 | Chad Sheaffer, CFA, CAIA, Associate Director of Private Credit

Two-line chart showing U.S. consumer sentiment and average gas price per gallon. Chart subtitle: Consumer sentiment fell in May to the lowest level in more than 10 years. Chart visual description: Chart has two y-axes. Left y-axis shows University of Michigan Consumer Sentiment Index Level, ranging from 50 to 120, with corresponding line in light purple. Right y-axis shows U.S. National Avg. Retail Gas Price, from $5.00 to $0 (inverted), with corresponding line in slate. X-axis shows years from 1990 through May 31, 2022 (though labels only show through 2021) in two-year increments. Recession periods are shaded in light green. Chart data description: As described in the write-up, since its inception in 1978, the consumer sentiment index has posted a reading below 60 in only three other distinct periods: the late stages of the stagflationary environment in 1980, the Global Financial Crisis in 2008-2009, and a brief period in 2011 when S&P Global Ratings downgraded U.S. Treasury debt. The May reading came in at 58.4, the lowest reading since August 2011. The gasoline price line very closely parallels the consumer sentiment index line across all time shown, with the exception of the Global Financial Crisis, when gasoline prices decreased along with consumer sentiment. May 2022’s average price per gallon was $4.44. Chart sources: University of Michigan, U.S. Energy Information Administration, Bloomberg. End chart description.

U.S. consumer sentiment has become increasingly pessimistic in 2022 as a plethora of macro headwinds have created uncertainty. The University of Michigan Consumer Sentiment Index, a key proxy for consumer confidence, fell to 58.4 in May, the lowest reading since August 2011. The survey aggregates consumer views across a range of questions including personal finances, general business conditions, housing market conditions, spending expectations, and outlook. The overall level of the index and the relative change from prior readings provide an indication as to how consumers feel about the current and future U.S. economy. Since its inception in 1978, the survey has posted a reading below 60 in only three other distinct periods: the late stages of the stagflationary environment in 1980, the Global Financial Crisis in 2008–2009, and a brief period in 2011 when S&P Global Ratings downgraded U.S. Treasury debt.

Despite consumer spending comprising the majority of GDP, extremely bearish consumer sentiment has historically been a poor predictor of recession. Survey readings below 60 have coincided with a recession only 33% of the time (two out of six recessions) since 1978. Consumer sentiment surveys seem to be far more indicative of the current consumer experience than the longer-term economic outlook. As seen in this week’s chart, the University of Michigan Consumer Sentiment Index has shown a strong correlation to gasoline prices — a very visible component of inflation for most consumers — especially during periods of rising gas prices. While current sentiment can have a very real impact on economic growth via consumer spending, it is important to consider this metric alongside other economic measures, many of which still show consumer strength. With the market laser-focused on the health of the U.S. consumer and the risk of recession, we will continue to monitor various economic indicators and advise our clients accordingly.

Print PDF > Consumer Sentiment: Harbinger for Recession or a Reflection of Pain at the Pump?

 

The opinions expressed herein are those of Marquette Associates, Inc. (“Marquette”), and are subject to change without notice. This material is not financial advice or an offer to purchase or sell any product. Marquette reserves the right to modify its current investment strategies and techniques based on changing market dynamics or client needs.

Chad Sheaffer, CFA, CAIA
Associate Director of Private Credit

Get to Know Chad

The opinions expressed herein are those of Marquette Associates, Inc. (“Marquette”), and are subject to change without notice. This material is not financial advice or an offer to purchase or sell any product. Marquette reserves the right to modify its current investment strategies and techniques based on changing market dynamics or client needs.

Related Content

Column chart showing weight in MSCI Emerging Market Index for Taiwan, South Korea, and China annually since 2006. Taiwan hovered around 11% up to 2021, and has increased since then, with 2026 YTD at 26.5%. South Korea has followed a similar path, averaging about 14% 2006 to 2023; 2024 dropped to 9%, but 2025 was back up to 13.3%, and its weight has jumped to 23.1% YTD. China generally increased up to 2020, peaking at 29.7% of the index, but has since mostly decreased year to year, with 2026 YTD at 19.7%. For full dataset, please contact marquettemarketing@marquetteassociates.com.

06.01.2026

The New Face of Emerging Markets

The MSCI Emerging Markets Index has undergone a significant structural transformation in recent years. For much of the past decade,…

05.26.2026

The Best and Worst of Times

The classic novel A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens begins with the line “It was the best of…

Four-line chart showing weight in Bloomberg Aggregate U.S. Bond Index for Treasuries, Government-Related, Corporate, and Securitized sub-indices, 12/31/1999 through 3/31/2026. For date range shown, Treasuries started at 31.7% and end at 45.9%. Government-Related start at 11.4% and end at 4.3%. Corporates start at 20.9% and end at 23.9%. Securitized start at 36.0% and end at 25.9%. For full dataset, please contact marquettemarketing@marquetteassociates.com.

05.18.2026

The “Magnificent One”

Over the last few years, equity markets have been defined by a group of stocks often referred to as the…

Combination column and line chart showing increase in non-renewables and renewables in net installed capacity (GW) in columns and share of new electricity generating capacity by renewables (line) annually since 2005. Renewables ave seen a marked increase in recent years (183.95GW in 2019 to 691.94GW in 2025). Renewable Share was at 86% for 2025. For full dataset, please contact marquettemarketing@marquetteassociates.com.

05.11.2026

A Renewed Focus on Renewables

In addition to the humanitarian toll of the conflict in Iran, the world is currently confronting the impact that trade…

05.07.2026

The Fed Tackles Succession Planning

The leadership structure of the Federal Reserve is intentionally designed to promote continuity, independence, and institutional stability across political cycles….

Stacked column chart showing Weight in S&P 500 Index in 1985, 1995, 2005, 2015, and 2025 for top 10 companies at that time, with companies stacked for each year by weight. From 1985-2015, top 10 weight ranged from 17.6% to 21.1%, but 2025's weight was 40.6%. Company makeup changes over time, with no companies from 1985/1995 categories in 2025. For full dataset, please contact marquettemarketing@marquetteassociates.com.

05.04.2026

This Too Shall Reconstitute

Rooted in medieval Persian Sufi thought, the adage “this too shall pass” speaks to the fleeting and impermanent nature of…

More articles

Subscribe to Research Email Alerts

Research Email Alert Subscription

Research alerts keep you updated on our latest research publications. Simply enter your contact information, choose the research alerts you would like to receive and click Subscribe. Alerts will be sent as research is published.

We respect your privacy. We will never share or sell your information.

Thank You

We appreciate your interest in Marquette Associates.

If you have questions or need further information, please contact us directly and we will respond to your inquiry within 24 hours.

Contact Us >